QKD

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is emerging as an important area to ensure secure communication between two parties using a cryptographic protocol involving components of quantum mechanics. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages to ensure full proof security in data transmission. Unlike traditional cryptographic techniques (where security is based on unproven mathematical assumptions), the security of quantum cryptography is based on the laws of physics. The security of quantum key distribution depends on the fundamental principles of nature on which infinite computational power, new attack algorithms and the arrival of quantum computers will not matter. Information is encoded in quantum states or Q-bits by quantum communication. Q-bits cannot be cloned or measured without including detectable anomalies. Thus, an important feature of the quantum key distribution is that two communicating users can find out whether a third party has tried to gain knowledge of the key, and in that case, the key distribution can be aborted. The feature of QKD is that any intervention or tampering in quantum channel will get detected and leads to destruction of key. QKD solution consists of “Alice” (QKD Transmitter) and “BOB” (QKD Receiver) nodes which are connected to each other through a Quantum Channel and Classical Channel, both implemented using Single Mode Optical Fibers.